论文部分内容阅读
在实現保衛苏联人民健康的偉大任务中,药業起着重要的作用,它在苏維埃政权时代中,同苏联的保健事業共同走过了它們复杂的發展道路。在偉大的十月社会主义革命的前夜,俄国的药学事業是落后的,並且集中在私人手里。很多私人药房的所有者並不是药学人員,他們只是將药房出租。药房並不被認为是保健机关,而看成是获得利潤的商業性企業。在經常欺騙居民的情况下,药房主从中吸取了大量的利润。在革命以前的俄国,药房的数量是極其有限的,並且这些药房基本上集中于俄国中央地区的城市中。乡村居民和俄国少数民族地区的居民,实际是被剝夺了在药房中取得药品的可能性。下面的統計材料即可証明这一点:1914年俄国共有4,900个药房左右,如果在城市中10,800人中有一个药房的話,那么在县里119,500人中才有一个药房,而在中亞細亞436,400人中才有一个药房。
In the great task of defending the health of the peoples of the Soviet Union, medicine played an important role. Together with the Soviet Union’s health care undertakings, the pharmaceutical industry had gone through complicated development paths during the era of Soviet power. On the eve of the great October socialist revolution, the pharmaceutical industry in Russia was backward and concentrated in private hands. Many private pharmacies are not pharmacy owners, they just rent the pharmacy. Pharmacies are not considered health-care institutions, but rather as profit-making commercial enterprises. In the case of frequent cheating of residents, the pharmacy master draws a lot of profits. In pre-revolutionary Russia, the number of pharmacies was extremely limited, and these pharmacies were largely concentrated in cities in central Russia. Residents of rural residents and ethnic minority areas in Russia are virtually deprived of the possibility of obtaining medicines in pharmacies. This is evidenced by the following statistical material: In 1914 Russia had a total of 4,900 pharmacies, and if there was only one pharmacy in the city of 10,800, there was one pharmacy in 119,500 in the county, and in 436,400 in Central Asia Have a pharmacy.