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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of ABCG2 in human gastric carcinoma and its clinical significance. Methods: Expression of ABCG2 was examined with immunohistochemical technique in the specimens from 45 gastric carcinoma tissues and 30 surrounding normal tissues. The mRNA expression of ABCG2 was measured by RT-PCR and real-time quantitative PCR in 30 cases of gastric carcinoma and normal gastric mucosa, respectively. Results: ABCG2 expression was observed in 28 of 45 (62.2%) cases by immunohistochemical analysis. In ABCG2-positive tumors, adjacent non-neoplastic tissue was similarly analyzed, revealed that ABCG2 was up-regulated in gastric carcinoma. ABCG2 expression in poorly differentiated/undifferentiated carcinoma was significantly higher than that in well/moderately-differenti-ated carcinoma (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of ABCG2 was significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ABCG2 plays an important role in the multi-drug resistance of gastric carcinoma. ABCG2 might be an important factor in the research of gastric cancer stem cell.