高尔基在其名剧《在底层》中,表现了一个使人过目难忘的人物形象——爱用谎话安慰处于底层、生活无望的人们的鲁卡。高尔基借剧中人萨金的口,间接赞扬鲁卡是个“高贵的人”。而《在底层》的主题之一,就是探讨真实和谎言的问题。然而,如果以为高尔基痛恨谎言,而喜欢真实——即使真实是冷酷的也罢——那就错了。不,恰恰相反,正因为现实、真实是冷酷的,所以,生活在现实生活中的人,最需要的,不是真实,而是谎言和安慰——哪怕这种安慰和希望只是一种虚假的幻觉也罢。有希望,就有改变和疗救的可能——高尔基如是想。所以,生活中的高尔基最乐于做的事,就是给无望中的人以希望。霍达谢维奇在其回忆录《大墓地》中,讲述了高尔基性格中这一最突出的特点,那就是总喜欢给无望而向他求助的人以希望和自信。高尔基作为一个出身于底层的文学大师,总是出于真心地爱护那些向他求教的文学青年,哪怕是对其中最没有才气、在写作上最没有发 In his famous play “The Bottom Floor,” Gorky showed an unforgettable image of people who use lies to comfort people who are on the bottom and have no hope of life. Gorky borrowed the mouth of the person Sargin, indirectly praised Luka is “noble person ”. One of the themes of “at the bottom” is to explore the issues of truth and lies. However, if you think Gorky hated lies, and like the real - even if the real cold is worth mentioning - that’s wrong. No, on the contrary, precisely because of the reality, the reality is cruel, so the people who live in real life, most in need, are not real, but lie and comfort - even if such comfort and hope are merely false hallucinations Worth mentioning. There is hope, there is the possibility of change and treatment - Gorky think so. Therefore, what Gorky is most willing to do in life is to hope for hopeless people. In his memoir “The Necropolis,” Hordaczev recounted the most prominent feature of the Gorky character that he always liked to give hope and confidence to those who had no hope of asking for help. Gorky as a literary master from the bottom, always out of sincere love for those who seek literature and education of youth, even for the most talented of them, in writing the most without hair