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目的调查常州市有螺环境改造现状,为螺情监测提供依据。方法收集全市有螺环境资料,对所有有螺环境进行现场调查并进行环境分类,建立数据库分析各类环境特点,并应用Google Earth软件绘制分布图。结果常州市有螺环境共计6 174个,面积3 911.97万m2,分布于7市(县、区)的51个乡(镇)、414个村。根据环境分类,Ⅱ类环境最多,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类环境面积的构成比分别为24.8%、54.4%、11.3%、9.5%。金坛市、武进区、溧阳市的有螺环境面积最大,分别占全市总面积的31.0%、24.4%、24.0%。金坛市、溧阳市、武进区、新北区以现况Ⅱ类环境居多,天宁区、钟楼区、戚墅堰区以现况Ⅰ类环境居多。Ⅳ类环境主要分布在武进区和新北区,分别占68.3%、25.9%。江湖滩、内陆和山丘3种类型流行区有螺环境面积的构成比分别为9.9%、49.8%、40.3%。3种类型流行区均以Ⅱ类环境居多,面积分别占52.3%、50.1%、60.2%,Ⅳ类环境所占比例分别为22.5%、14.1%、0.7%。结论常州市有螺环境分布广,面积大,应重点加强对Ⅲ类、IV类环境的监测。
Objective To investigate the status quo of the snail environment in Changzhou and provide the basis for snail monitoring. Methods The snail environment data were collected, all the snail environments were surveyed and the environment was classified, the database was established to analyze various environmental characteristics and the Google Earth software was used to draw the distribution map. Results There were 6 174 snail habitats in Changzhou with an area of 31.9197 million m2, distributed in 51 towns (towns) and 414 villages in 7 cities (counties and districts). According to the environmental classification, the type II environment is the most, the proportions of the environmental areas of Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ are respectively 24.8%, 54.4%, 11.3% and 9.5%. Jiantan City, Wujin District, Liyang City, the largest snail environment, accounting for 31.0% of the total area of the city, 24.4%, 24.0%. Jintan City, Liyang City, Wujin District, Xinbei District, with the status quo category Ⅱ environment mostly, Tianning District, Zhonglou District, Qishuyan area with the status of the majority of type Ⅰ environment. Ⅳ environment mainly distributed in Wujin District and Xinbei District, accounting for 68.3% and 25.9% respectively. The proportions of conch environment in rivers, lakes, hinterlands and hills are 9.9%, 49.8% and 40.3% respectively. Most of the three types of endemic areas are Type II environments, accounting for 52.3%, 50.1% and 60.2% of the total respectively, with Grade IV environments accounting for 22.5%, 14.1% and 0.7% respectively. Conclusion The snails in Changzhou are widely distributed and large in area, and the monitoring of class III and IV should be emphasized.