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刑案侦查的思维特征是由刑案侦查的特殊性决定的。刑案侦查往往是由犯罪所造成的结果出发,剥茧似地追溯造成该结果之诸种原因(条件),进而再追溯制造这原一因的作案人,从而缉捕犯罪嫌疑人归案。而回溯推理正是以果推因,故回溯推理是刑案侦查最常用最重要的思维形式。刑案侦查之回溯推理有“充分条件式”、“必要条件式”、“充要条件式”、“二难破斥式”等。由于犯罪事件之间的关系有一果多因、一因多果、多果多因,故由果究因之回溯推理所得结论大都是或然的,然而,正是这连续的或然性逐步缩小侦查范围,确定侦查方向,锁定侦查目标,直至缉拿犯罪嫌疑人归案。
The characteristic of the criminal investigation is determined by the particularity of criminal investigation. The investigation of criminal cases is often based on the result of the crimes. It traces the causes (conditions) of the result in a coca-cola, and then trains the perpetrators who made the original cause to arrest the suspects. Retrospective reasoning is the result of deduction, so retrospective reasoning is the most commonly used and most important form of thinking in criminal investigation. Retrospective reasoning of criminal investigation includes “sufficient conditions”, “necessary conditions”, “necessary and sufficient conditions”, “dilemma” and so on. Since the relationship between criminal events has a single cause, multiple causes and multiple causes, it is probable that retrospective reasoning results from the study are mostly probable. However, it is this continuous probability that gradually decreases Investigate the scope of the investigation to determine the direction of detection of the target until the arrest of the criminal suspects.