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公共利益是法学领域一个十分重要的概念,是国家权力介入私人领域最根本的理由。现实中打着“公共利益”幌子践踏公民权利的事件屡屡发生,迫切要求理论界对这一重大概念做出界定。由于公共利益本身的抽象性、不确定性,使得从实体的角度对公共利益进行界定存在巨大困难。厦门PX事件为公共利益的界定与实现提供了生动的模型。公共利益需要通过公众参与程序来界定,各种利益群体通过参与机制表达利益,进行利益博弈,最终实现利益的平衡。
The public interest is a very important concept in the field of law and is the most fundamental reason why state power is involved in the private sphere. In reality, the case of trampling on citizens’ rights under the guise of “public interest” frequently occurs, and it is urgent for theorists to define this important concept. Due to the abstraction and uncertainty of the public interest itself, it is extremely difficult to define the public interest from the perspective of the entity. Xiamen PX event provides a vivid model for the definition and realization of public interest. The public interest needs to be defined through public participation procedures. All kinds of interest groups express their interests through the participation mechanism, carry out the game of interests, and finally realize the balance of interests.