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目的了解地震后儿童的心理状况,探索有效的心理干预模式,总结地震前后的心理转变历程。方法选取九江震中地区小学的6名小学生进行1个半月的团体心理干预,同时辅以SAS和CES-D量表前后测。结果地震作为危机事件造成小学生不同程度的心理困扰,通过团体咨询可促进成员降低焦虑和抑郁水平。地震儿童团体干预前后的心理重构经历了4个阶段:1惊恐无助;2儿童式早熟;3摆脱负面情绪;4心理转变和升华。结论地震后有必要进行心理干预,团体心理重构是积极有效地干预形式。
Objective To understand the psychological status of children after the earthquake, explore effective patterns of psychological intervention, summarize the psychological changes before and after the earthquake. Methods Six pupils in primary school in Jiujiang epicenter were selected to conduct one and a half months’ group psychological intervention, supplemented with SAS and CES-D before and after the test. Results As a result of the crisis, pupils suffered psychological distress to varying degrees. Through group counseling, members were encouraged to reduce anxiety and depression. Psychological reconstruction of the earthquake children’s group before and after the intervention experienced four stages: 1 frightened helplessness; 2 children’s precocious; 3 to get rid of negative emotions; 4 psychological changes and sublimation. Conclusion Psychological intervention is necessary after the earthquake and the group psychological reconstruction is a positive and effective form of intervention.