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目的了解上海市宝山区放射工作人员外照射个人剂量水平,为进一步加强和改善放射防护工作提供科学依据。方法依据国家和上海市放射卫生相关规定,采用热释光剂量仪器检测放射工作人员的外照射个人剂量。对异常值发生的原因进行调查及分析。结果 2010—2013年共监测3 291人次,放射工作人员外照射人均年剂量当量为0.76 m Sv/a,98.45%放射工作人员年剂量当量<5 m Sv。企业放射工作人员外照射人均年剂量当量最高,为0.82 m Sv/a,其次为公立医院(0.73 m Sv/a),私立医院最低(0.31 m Sv/a)。2010—2013年外照射个人剂量监测异常发生率逐年下降(趋势χ2=16.14,P<0.01),共有49人次监测异常,其中44人次为不规范使用个人剂量计造成的虚假剂量,确因工作原因受到过量照射的仅5人次。结论宝山区大部分放射工作人员外照射个人剂量处于较低水平,但仍有超标现象,应加强对企业放射工作人员的放射防护培训与监管。
Objective To understand the personal dose level of radiation workers in Baoshan District of Shanghai and provide a scientific basis for further strengthening and improving radiation protection. Methods According to the relevant regulations of the state and Shanghai city on radiological hygiene, the personal dose of external radiation of radiation workers was detected by thermoluminescence dose meter. The causes of outliers were investigated and analyzed. Results A total of 3 291 persons were monitored during 2010-2013. The annual per capita equivalent dose for external exposure to radiation workers was 0.76 mSv / a, and the annual dose equivalent for radiological workers was less than 5 mSv for 98.45%. The per capita annual equivalent dose of radioactive radiation for corporate radiographers was the highest, 0.82 m Sv / a, followed by public hospitals (0.73 m Sv / a) and private hospitals (0.31 m Sv / a). The incidence of abnormal monitoring of personal exposure to external radiation from 2010 to 2013 decreased year by year (trend χ2 = 16.14, P <0.01), with a total of 49 monitoring abnormalities, 44 of which were false doses caused by non-standard personal dosimeters. Exposed by only 5 people. Conclusion Most of the radiation workers in Baoshan District are exposed to low levels of external doses of personal radiation. However, there is still an excessive standard of radiation exposure. Radiation protection training and supervision of corporate radiation workers should be strengthened.