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[目的]研究兔缓慢胫骨延长过程中力生长因子(MGF)和转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)在腓肠肌适应性变化中的表达规律,并分析作用机制.[方法]成年日本大耳白兔随机分为实验组(3组,各组胫骨分别延长1、2、3 cm)与对照组(只截骨,不延长),各组于0、7、14、28、56d5个矿化时间点取材手术侧腓肠肌,免疫组织化学染色检测MGF和TGF-β1的在不同矿化时间点的表达变化.[结果]骨延长不同幅度和不同矿化时间点,MGF和TGF-β1表达量不同并有规律性变化.矿化期0d各实验组腓肠肌MGF水平最高,显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),随时间延长逐渐降低,至56 d时与对照组水平相同,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).而在矿化期0d,TGF-β1染色阴性,低于对照组,随后其水平迅速增加,到14d时达峰值,明显高于对照组,随后水平减低,至56d与对照组无显著差异.[结论]兔胫骨延长终结后,MGF水平最高,并随时间延长降低,而TGF-31在骨延长停止时水平最低,随后增加,至56 d时回落至基线.这种变化可能对被动延长腓肠肌损伤后的再生修复起到重要作用.“,”[Objective] To analyze expression of mechano growth factor (MGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in gastrocnemius during tibial lengthening,and explore their role and mechanism in the adaptive muscular change.[Methods] Forty-five adult Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups with 15 animals in each group,associated with tibia lengthening of 1cm,2cm and 3cm in the corresponding group,By contrast,other 2 rabbits used as the control,received only osteotomy without tibia lengthening.In the 3 experiment groups,gastrocnemius was harvested for immunohistochemical staining of MGF and TGF-ββ1 at 5 time points in the mineralization phase,including 0,7,14,28 and 56 days after lengthening finished,therefore each experimental group was re-divided into 5 subgroups with 3 rabbits in each subgroup.[Results] During the mineralization phase after bone lengthening,the levels of MGF and TGF-ββ1 in the gastrocnemius varied regularly.At 0 day of the phase,the level of MGF was at the peak value,which is significantly higher than the control group.As time elapsed,the MGF decreased gradually to the baseline level at 56 days.On other hand,the TGF-β1 staining was negative at beginning of the phase,subsequently it increased gradually to the peak value at 14 days,after that it diminished to the baseline level at 56 days.[Conclusion] The MGF is at the highest level at just beginning of mineralization phase,however,decrease as time elapsed,by contrast,the TGF-β1 is at the lowest level at beginning,increase and decrease over time,which might be related to the regeneration and repair after damage of stretched gastrocnemius.