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目的研究不同野生居群中麻黄的遗传多样性。方法对13个野生居群的中麻黄样本进行ISSR-PCR扩增,利用POPGENE 32软件分析Shannon’s多样性信息指数(I)等遗传信息参数,应用NTSYS软件构建其遗传距离的UPGMA聚类图。结果12条引物共扩增出175个位点,其中多态性位点171个,多态位点百分率(PPL)为97.67%,Shannon’s多样性信息指数(I)为0.346 1,居群间的Nei’s基因多样度指数(H)为0.218 2,种群间基因分化系数(Gst)为0.323 0,基因流(Nm)为1.047 9,13个野生居群明显分为2类。结论野生中麻黄在物种水平上具有较高的遗传多样性,居群间遗传多样性水平高于居群内。中麻黄种群的遗传变异主要存在于居群内,且野生中麻黄居群间亲缘关系远近与地理距离远近有一定的相关性,但不成正相关。
Objective To study the genetic diversity of Ephedra in different wild populations. Methods The ISSR-PCR amplification of ephedra from 13 wild populations was carried out. The genetic information parameters such as Shannon’s diversity index (I) were analyzed using POPGENE 32 software. The UPGMA clustering map was constructed using NTSYS software. Results A total of 175 loci were amplified with 12 primers, of which 171 were polymorphic, the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) was 97.67%, Shannon’s diversity index (I) was 0.346 1, The Nei’s gene diversity index (H) was 0.218 2, the coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst) was 0.323 0, and the gene flow (Nm) was 1.047 9. The 13 wild populations were obviously divided into two groups. Conclusion Ephedra in wild has higher genetic diversity at species level, and the genetic diversity among populations is higher than that in populations. The genetic variation of ephedra in the population mainly exists in the population, and the genetic distance between the populations of ephedra in the wild and geographical distance has some relevance, but not a positive correlation.