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利用自制小比例模型槽,采用可控降雨强度降雨模拟器,进行了人工降雨诱发泥石流的室内模型试验,研究降雨强度对泥石流起动的影响,并确定泥石流起动的临界降雨强度。基于临界降雨强度下泥石流的起动过程,对孔隙水压力和坡体内部含水率的变化规律进行了研究,并与现场试验进行了对比。运用Geodog软件对泥石流形成前坡体的位移场进行了分析,研究坡体破坏规律。研究结果表明,泥石流起动的临界降雨强度范围为43~50 mm/h。泥石流发生前存在一个孔隙水压力增加的过程,在泥石流形成后,孔隙水压力急剧下降。降雨强度影响雨水在坡体内部的渗透,是泥石流起动的主要原因。泥石流起动与坡体含水率和饱和度的变化有关,当坡体饱和度超过80%时,产生整体滑动破坏,并迅速转化为泥石流。
Using a self-made small-scale model trough, a rainfall-controlled rainfall simulator was used to conduct an indoor model test of artificial rainfall-induced debris flow to study the impact of rainfall intensity on debris flow start-up and determine the critical rainfall intensity for debris flow initiation. Based on the start-up process of debris flow under critical rainfall intensity, the variation law of pore water pressure and internal water content of slope body was studied and compared with the field test. Geodog software is used to analyze the displacement field of front slope formed by debris flow and to study the failure law of slope body. The results show that the critical rainfall intensity for debris flow initiation is in the range of 43-50 mm / h. Before the occurrence of the debris flow, there was a process of increasing the pressure of the pore water. After the debris flow was formed, the pore water pressure dropped sharply. Rainfall intensity affects the infiltration of rainwater inside the slope body and is the main reason for the start of debris flow. Debris flow initiation is related to the change of moisture content and saturation of the slope. When the slope saturation exceeds 80%, the overall sliding failure occurs, and the debris flow is rapidly converted to debris flow.