近年来,我们发现在适期播种、肥水较足的条件下,麦苗在越冬期往往会表现出分蘖少、叶片窄长、根系发育不良,并且基部叶片发黄或逐渐枯死,叶色发“锈”,心叶生长缓慢,甚至停滞不长,成为“缩脖苗”,严重时还会出现死苗等现象。特别是粘土田稻茬麦,在越冬期表现更为明显。这种现象不利于小麦安全越冬,影响冬前分蘖,早春返青也晚,造成有效穗数不足,对夺取高产稳产影响极大。针对这个问题,我们花了几年时间从灌溉、施肥、镇压等方面进行试验,初步明确了出现这种现象的原因。虽然原因是多方面的,但大体有三个方面的原因: In recent years, we found that under proper conditions of seeding and fertilizer and water, wheat seedlings tend to show less tillers, narrow and long leaves, poor root systems during the wintering period, and yellow leaves or withered leaves at the base, “, The slow growth of the heart leaves, and even stagnation is not long, a” shrink neck Miao "serious phenomenon such as dead seedlings. Especially in the clay field rice stubble, the performance is more obvious in the winter. This phenomenon is not conducive to winter wheat overwintering, affecting winter tillering, early spring back green too late, resulting in insufficient effective panicles, to seize high yield and stability of great impact. In response to this problem, we spent a few years from the irrigation, fertilization, repression and other aspects of the trial, initially identified the reasons for this phenomenon. Although the reasons are manifold, there are generally three reasons: