建立规范化的数据文档文件是实现数据共享的基础工程之一。本文论述了该项工作的长远和现实意义 ,详细地介绍了数据文档文件、文档文件库和数据文件库的概念、格式、功能以及如何与国际接轨 ,还介绍了数据编码、数据文件的保密、Internet等技术问题。以南安市水土保持试验站为例 ,讨论了它在基层水保单位的具体实施方案和技术路线 ,把复杂的数据格式统一和数据共享问题 ,从理论变成现实 ,变成基层单位和全国水利部门的有用工具。 Establishing a standardized data document file is one of the basic projects to realize data sharing. This paper discusses the long-term and practical significance of this work, introduces the concept, format and function of data document files, document file libraries and data file libraries in detail. It also introduces the confidentiality of data coding and data files, Internet and other technical issues. Taking Nan’an Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station as an example, the paper discusses its concrete implementation scheme and technical route of grassroots units, and unifies the complex data format and data sharing problem from theory to reality and turns it into a grassroots unit and a national water conservancy project Department of useful tools.