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早期结直肠癌是指侵犯仅限于粘膜或粘膜下层的原发性结直肠腺癌。由于粘膜内癌几乎不可能转移,其治疗可用内镜摘除或局部手术切除原发肿瘤来完成。相反,侵及粘膜下层的癌(早期浸润性癌)转移到淋巴结或远处器官的发生率虽较低,但高低不一,其处理(包括治疗选择以及预测转移的特征)仍有争议。本文仔细复习12年来40例侵及粘膜下层的早期结直肠癌中6例转移至局部淋巴结的临床病理特点以阐明与转移有关的特征,特别注意其非息肉样生长方式。目的是确定肿瘤内是否同时存在腺瘤性组织,并按其生长方式区分为息肉型(PG)及非息肉型(NPG):凡大部份呈
Early colorectal cancer refers to invasion of primary colorectal adenocarcinoma restricted to the mucosa or submucosa. Since intramucosal cancer is almost impossible to metastasize, its treatment can be accomplished by endoscopic removal or partial surgical removal of the primary tumor. In contrast, the incidence of metastasis to the submucosal carcinoma (early invasive carcinoma), metastasized to lymph nodes or distant organs, is low but varies, and its treatment (including treatment options and the characteristics of predictive metastases) remains controversial. This article reviewed carefully the clinical and pathological features of metastasis to regional lymph nodes in 40 cases of early colorectal cancer that invaded the submucosa over the past 12 years to elucidate the characteristics associated with metastasis, paying particular attention to its nonpolypoid growth pattern. The purpose is to determine whether there is an adenomatous tissue in the tumor and to distinguish between polypoid (PG) and non-polypoid (NPG) according to its growth pattern: where most of the