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目的分析济南市1998～2006年风疹爆发疫情的流行病学特征,预测风疹流行趋势,判定高危人群,预防和控制风疹爆发和流行。方法根据济南市法定传染病报告系统和风疹监测系统资料,对1998～2006年风疹爆发疫情进行描述流行病学分析。结果济南市1998～2006年报告风疹爆发疫情74起、1212例,占全部风疹病例数的73.10%(1212/1658)。爆发疫情中本市人口病例占94.14%(1141/1212);中学爆发疫情43起,占爆发总起数的58.11%;5～14、15～19、20～29岁病例分别占50.50%、45.21%、3.80%。爆发疫情病例中有风疹减毒活疫苗(Rubella Attenuated Live Vaccine,RubV)免疫史的仅占0.49%,无RubV免疫史和免疫史不详的分别占93.65%和5.86%。结论预防和控制风疹爆发的重点在5～19岁人群。高质量的RubV常规预防接种是减少风疹发病,控制风疹爆发的重要手段。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks of rubella in Jinan City from 1998 to 2006, predict the prevalence of rubella, determine the population at high risk, and prevent and control the outbreak and prevalence of rubella. Methods According to the report system of legal infectious diseases and rubella monitoring system in Jinan, an epidemiological analysis of the outbreak of rubella in 1998 ~ 2006 was conducted. Results From 1998 to 2006, Jinan City reported 74 outbreaks of rubella, accounting for 73.10% (1212/1658) of the total number of rubella cases in 1212 cases. Outbreaks of the epidemic in the city’s population accounted for 94.14% (1141/1212); secondary outbreak 43, accounting for 58.11% of the total number of outbreaks; 5 ~ 14,15 ~ 19,20 ~ 29 years old were accounted for 50.50%, 45.21 %, 3.80%. Only 0.49% of the outbreaks of Rubella Attenuated Live Vaccine (RubV) were detected in the outbreaks of the outbreak, and 93.65% and 5.86% did not know the history of immunization and no history of immunization. Conclusion The focus of prevention and control of rubella outbreaks is in the 5-19 age group. High-quality RubV routine vaccination is an important means to reduce the incidence of rubella and control the outbreak of rubella.