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地方政府的经济人特征、地方官员的考核制度和地方政府的财政制度,是房地产市场中地方政府失灵的主要原因。要想从根源上抑制高房价,必须真正触及地方政府土地财政的根本,从元规则上构建一种有效的治理疏导机制。通过规定政府制定决策和行使权力的程序,确定政府的权力边界和权力范围,从而约束政府的经济活动,最终确立一种引导房地产市场相关方行为趋于共同利益取向的游戏规则。为此,中央政府要善用房地产治理的元规则;地方政府要加强对房价的监督管理;公民要对地方政府行为进行有效监督。
The characteristics of the economic man of local government, the examination system of local officials and the financial system of local government are the main reasons for the failure of local government in the real estate market. In order to restrain the high housing prices from the root causes, we must really touch the foundation of land finance of local governments and build an effective governance and guidance mechanism from the meta-rules. By stipulating the procedures for the government to make decisions and exercise power, the power boundary and authority of the government should be determined so as to restrain the economic activities of the government and finally to establish a game rule that guides the behaviors of related parties in the real estate market toward common interests. To this end, the central government should make good use of the meta-rules of real estate governance; local government should strengthen the supervision and management of housing prices; citizens should conduct effective supervision of local government behavior.