急性会厌炎是一种严重的细菌性感染,由于突发上呼吸道阻塞,可以致命。经正确的诊断和治疗,在12～14小时之后有可能渡过危险期。1970年前,治疗首选气管切开,后来Buchmann和Trǎff等人提出用鼻腔气管插管替代气管切开,目前大多数医院用为治疗本病方法之一。本文总结了1965～1980年间141例急性会厌炎。其中70例(60小儿和10成人)插管,插管前病人取坐位,吸人含N_2O/O_2的氟烷,有8例用琥珀酰胆硷。当会厌的颜色与体征开始正常时就可能拔管。有24例在24小时内拔管,46例在48小时内拔管。平均插管时间为41小时。所有病例均以抗生素治疗。51例用皮质类固醇静脉注射。本 Acute epiglottitis is a serious bacterial infection, due to sudden upper respiratory tract obstruction, can be fatal. After the correct diagnosis and treatment, after 12 to 14 hours may have passed the dangerous period. Before 1970, the treatment of choice for tracheotomy, and later Buchmann and Trǎff et al proposed the use of nasal endotracheal intubation instead of tracheotomy, most hospitals currently used for the treatment of this disease. This article summarizes the 141 cases of acute epiglottitis between 1965 and 1980. Among them, 70 cases (60 pediatric and 10 adult) were intubated, and the patients before intubation were given sitting position and inhaled with halothane containing N 2 O 2 O 2, while succinylcholine was used in 8 cases. When the color and signs of epiglottis normal start extubation may be. Twenty-four patients extubated within 24 hours and 46 extubated within 48 hours. The average intubation time is 41 hours. All cases were treated with antibiotics. Fifty-one patients were injected intravenously with corticosteroids. this