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目的了解淄博市2008年-2013年肺结核抗酸杆菌痰涂片镜检结果及变化情况,分析涂阳肺结核患者特征。方法从中国结核病管理信息系统、肺结核患者登记本、结核病实验室登记本中收集数据资料,对淄博市6年来肺结核患者痰涂片镜检结果进行描述性流行病学分析。结果共对40 908份痰标本进行检查,查痰率为61.79%,涂阳肺结核患者5 327例,涂阳率为13.02%,2008年-2013年呈逐年下降趋势;60岁~79岁年龄组患者数最多,占涂阳肺结核患者的30.30%,其次为20岁~39岁年龄组,占23.43%;男性肺结核患者数多于女性,男、女患者比平均为1.82∶1;干酪样脓性痰的阳性检出率最高为18.53%,唾液为不合格痰标本,阳性检出率最低为1.18%。结论现代结核病防控策略使痰涂片检查结果更加符合客观实际,查痰率逐年提高,阳性检出率逐步回归理性;痰标本的留取质量与性状直接影响阳性检出结果;男性与老年肺结核患者是今后防控的重点人群。
Objective To understand the results of microscopic examination of sputum smear of pulmonary acidophilic bacilli from 2008 to 2013 in Zibo City and analyze the characteristics of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methods Data were collected from the Chinese tuberculosis management information system, tuberculosis patients register and tuberculosis laboratory register, and the descriptive epidemiological analysis of sputum smear results of tuberculosis patients in Zibo for 6 years was carried out. Results A total of 40 908 sputum samples were examined. The sputum sampling rate was 61.79%. There were 5 327 sputum smear positive smear positive smear positive smear positive smear positive rates of 13.02%, showing a year by year decreasing trend from 2008 to 2013 and 60 to 79 years old group Accounting for 30.30% of the smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients, followed by the 20-39 age group, accounting for 23.43%; the number of male tuberculosis patients was more than that of the female patients, the average ratio of male and female patients was 1.82:1; The highest positive rate of sputum was 18.53%, saliva was unacceptable sputum, the lowest positive rate was 1.18%. Conclusions The modern TB control strategy makes the results of sputum smear examination more in line with the objective reality. The sputum sampling rate increases year by year, and the positive detection rate gradually returns to rationality. The quality and traits of sputum samples directly affect the positive detection results. Patients are the focus of future prevention and control of the crowd.