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采用在不同积温区布置田间试验的方法,比较研究了黑龙江省5个水稻主栽品种产量和品质随积温的变化.结果表明:水稻产量随积温呈二次曲线变化,其相关程度因水稻品种而异;水稻穗数、穗粒数与积温呈极显著二次曲线关系,而千粒重与积温之间相关关系不显著;水稻籽实空瘪率从适宜积温区到低积温区显著增加,而从适宜积温区到高积温区变化不明显;水稻垩白率、整精米率与积温均呈极显著二次曲线关系,即垩白率和整精米率在适宜积温区分别有最小值和最大值存在;稻米蛋白质、直链淀粉含量和食味随积温变化不明显.根据对温度敏感程度的不同,可将水稻品种划分为温敏型、中间型、温钝型3类,其适宜栽培积温带宽度和允许栽培积温带宽度分别为300℃和420℃、360℃和440℃、380℃和520℃.根据积温因地制宜地选种水稻品种对于提高水稻产量、改善稻米品质十分重要.
A field experiment was conducted in different accumulated temperature zones to compare the yield and quality of five main rice cultivars in Heilongjiang Province with accumulated temperature.The results showed that the yield of rice varied quadratically with accumulated temperature and the correlation degree was affected by rice varieties While the correlation between grain weight and accumulated temperature was not significant. The emptying rate of rice seeds increased significantly from the suitable accumulated temperature area to the low accumulated temperature area, but from the suitable accumulated temperature There was a significant quadratic curve between chalk rate and milled rice rate, that is, the minimum and maximum values of chalkiness rate and milled rice rate existed in the suitable accumulated temperature range respectively. Rice The changes of protein, amylose content and taste were not obvious with the accumulated temperature.According to the different temperature sensitivity, the rice cultivars could be divided into three types: temperature-sensitive type, intermediate type and temperate type. The widths of accumulated temperature are 300 ℃ and 420 ℃ respectively, 360 ℃ and 440 ℃, 380 ℃ and 520 ℃. According to the accumulated temperature, it is necessary to select rice varieties for improving rice yield and improving rice quality Important points.