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一、前言纤维增强塑料(FRP)是通过聚合树脂把短或长纤维连结在起一而形成的,树脂或是热固性、或是热塑性。热固性树脂中包括聚酯、乙烯树脂、环氧以及聚酰亚胺;而热塑性树脂包括部分聚酯、聚醚亚胺、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮以及液晶聚合物。热塑性基体的工艺温度在500～700°F之间变化,而热固性基体为300～400°F。不同于热固性树脂,热塑性树脂的固化过程是可逆的,而且有较强的抗裂纹和冲击损伤能力,用短或长纤维增强后其抗裂纹或断裂韧性、强度和刚度都得到进一步增强。纤维和树脂的相互作用程度是一个随纤维和树脂的不同类型而变化的设计问题,而且能用纤维上的适当处理加以控制。
I. INTRODUCTION Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) are formed by joining short or long fibers together by a polymeric resin that is either thermoset or thermoplastic. Thermosetting resins include polyesters, vinyls, epoxies, and polyimides; and thermoplastic resins include partial polyesters, polyetherimides, polyphenylene sulfides, polyetheretherketones, and liquid crystal polymers. The process temperature of the thermoplastic matrix varies from 500 to 700 ° F, while the thermoset matrix is 300 to 400 ° F. Unlike thermosetting resins, the curing process of thermoplastic resins is reversible and has strong resistance to cracking and impact damage. Their resistance to cracking or fracture is enhanced with short or long fibers and their strength and stiffness are further enhanced. The degree of fiber-resin interaction is a design issue that varies with the type of fiber and resin and can be controlled by proper handling on the fiber.