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侵袭性气管支气管曲霉菌病（ ITBA）是一种相当少见的曲霉菌相关的肺部疾患，仅在一小部分患者中单独的或合并侵袭性肺曲霉菌病（ IPA）存在，或者是存在于IPA的早期。曲霉菌可以导致各种致命的呼吸道曲霉菌病。免疫功能正常者同样可以罹患呼吸道曲霉菌感染。 ITBA的放射学表现是非特异性的。当临床怀疑曲霉菌累及呼吸道时应立即行纤维支气管镜检查。 ITBA的确诊依据是曲霉菌侵袭深及受累呼吸道的基膜。 ITBA的预后更多的依赖于基础疾病情况而不是曲霉菌呼吸道受累的形式，更大程度上是由感染宿主的免疫状态所决定的。“,”Invasive tracheobronchial aspergillosis(ITBA) is a rare aspergillus related pulmonary dis-ease,which solely exists in a subgroup of patients, or complicated with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Aspergilluscould lead to a variety of lethal airway aspergillosis not only in immunodeficiency patients , but also in patients with normal immune function.There was no specific radiologic characteristic in ITBA patient. Bronchoscopy should be performed immediately under the clinical suspicion of aspergillus airway involve-ment.For diagnosis,it must be clear that the basement membrane of airway is invaded by aspergillus.Progno-sis of these patients depends more on the basic disease situation instead of the form of aspergillus airway involvement,which is far more the result of the immune status of the host .