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(一) 深圳特区建立以来,财政经济迅速发展。虽然国内外对此有一些不同看法,但特区基本上是在一片赞誉声中走完了第一个10年。1985年以后,特区经济进入了以工业为主,高速发展的新阶段,财政收支(包括财政预算内、外,以下同)迅速增长,上缴财政收入也大幅度增加。然而,伴随着财政经济的高速增长,经济生活中也存在一些值得注意的问题。1、财政收支的实际增长并不理想。近几年,深圳财政收支名义增长幅度之大,堪称全国之最。但结合通货膨胀和人口因素来考察,财政收支的实际增长并非那么乐观。1985—1988年,全市财政收入年均增长27.4%,支出年均增长18.2%,同期物价指数年均上升17.5%。显然,财政收入的实际增长约在10%左右,财政有效支出的增长却十分微小。同一时期,全市按人口平均的国民收入、财政收入和财政支出,年均增长率分别为11.9%、10.4%和2.4%。扣除物价上涨因素,上述指标的实际增长均为负数。并且,由于人口增长和通货膨
(1) Since the founding of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, the financial and economic conditions have developed rapidly. Although there are some differences of opinion both at home and abroad, the SAR has basically completed its first 10 years in a piece of praise. Since 1985, the special economic zone has entered a new phase of industrialization and rapid development. The fiscal revenue and expenditure (including budgetary and non-expenditures, the same below) have been rapidly increasing, and the revenue contributed to the financial sector has also risen sharply. However, along with the rapid growth of the financial economy, there are some notable issues in economic life. 1, the actual growth of fiscal revenue and expenditure is not ideal. In recent years, the nominal growth of revenues and expenditures in Shenzhen has been the highest in the country. However, combined with inflation and population factors to examine the actual growth of fiscal revenue and expenditure is not so optimistic. From 1985 to 1988, the city’s fiscal revenue grew at an average annual rate of 27.4% with an average annual growth rate of 18.2% over the same period. The price index rose by an average of 17.5% over the same period. Obviously, the actual growth of fiscal revenue is about 10%, while the growth of effective fiscal expenditure is very small. In the same period, the average annual growth rate of the city’s average annual income was 11.9%, 10.4% and 2.4% respectively, based on the average national income, fiscal revenue and financial expenditure. Excluding the factor of rising prices, the actual growth of the above indicators are all negative. And, due to population growth and inflation