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【目的】为了明确于1999年在江西省宜黄县发现的“宜黄野生稻”的植物分类学地位。【方法】对“宜黄野生稻”的植物学特征进行了分属、分种检索,同时利用扫描电镜对其外稃乳突结构与普通野生稻(O.rufipogon)、药用野生稻(O.officinalis)、疣粒野生稻(O.meyeriana)和颗粒野生稻(O.granulata)进行了对比观察。【结果】分属检索结果表明,“宜黄野生稻”不属稻属(OryzaL.)、水禾属(HygroryzaNees)和山涧草属(ChikusichloaKoidz.),而属假稻属(LeersiaSoland.ExSwartz.)植物;分种检索结果表明,“宜黄野生稻”不是李氏禾(L.hexandraSwartz.)和假稻(L.japonica(Makino)Honda),也不同于蓉草(L.oryzoides(L.)Swartz.),而是秕壳草(L.sayanukaOhwi)。外稃乳突结构的扫描电镜观察结果表明,“宜黄野生稻”的外稃乳突结构不同于中国现存的3种野生稻和颗粒野生稻,乳突结构属嵌硅双峰乳突类,与假稻属的细线粒野稻(L.tisseranti)相似,这为上述植物学分类检索结果提供了辅证。【结论】“宜黄野生稻”并非稻属野生稻种植物,其植物分类学地位应是假稻属的秕壳草。
【Objective】 To clarify the taxonomic status of “Yihuang Wild Rice” discovered in Yihuang County, Jiangxi Province in 1999. 【Method】 The botanical characters of “Yihuang Wild Rice” were classified and classified by the way of scanning electron microscope (SEM). The structure of the mastodon of O. grandis was compared with that of O. rufipogon, O. officinalis . officinalis), O. meyeriana and O.granulata. 【Result】 The results of subgenus search indicated that “Oryza sativa” was not Oryza L., Hygroryza Nees and Chikusichloa Koidz., But belongs to Leersia Soland.ExSwartz. The results of the phylogenetic tree showed that “Yehuang Wild Rice” is not L.hexandraSwartz. And L.japonica (Makino) Honda, but also different from L.oryzoides (L.) Swartz.), But rather L.sayanuka Ohwi. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the structure of the mastoid of “Yihuang Wild Rice” was different from that of the three existing wild rice and wild rice in China. The structure of the mastoid was characterized by bimodal papillae, Similar to L.tisseranti, which is a fake Pseudo-genus, this complements the above-mentioned botanical classification search results. 【Conclusion】 “Yixian wild rice” is not a wild rice plant of the genus Oryzae, and its taxonomic status should be that of the genus Hypocrea.