目的:通过对院外猝死的季节变化规律及其与天气气候关系的详尽分析,以进一步降低因天气变化而引起的猝死。方法:追踪1999年1月～12月经上海市医疗救护中心急救的839例院外猝死病历和同期气象资料进行分析研究。结果:猝死前有心血管病史者占70.44%;猝死高发年龄为60～84岁,占64.88%,并且男性多于女性;院外猝死数在12个月中的高峰期为冬季,在平均一昼夜中的高峰点为早晨7点;总猝死数与相对湿度变化、平均气压呈正相关,与最低温度、平均温度呈负相关。心血管猝死数除与以上气象要素相关外,还与气压变化、最低温度变化、日照时数变化等呈正相关。冠心病和其他心脏病与平均风速呈负相关。高血压病与平均气压呈正相关。结论:猝死的诱因是多因素的,气象因素和季节变化的影响是其中重要的外因之一。猝死病人以老年人为多。当气象条件剧烈变化时,往往是猝死的高发时期,此时应采取预防措施。 OBJECTIVE: To further reduce the sudden death caused by the change of weather through the seasonal variation of sudden death outside the hospital and its detailed analysis of the relationship with weather and climate. Methods: 839 cases of sudden death from out-of-hospital records and synoptic meteorological data were collected from January to December 1999 in Shanghai Medical Ambulance Center for emergency treatment. Results: The sudden death before cardiovascular history accounted for 70.44%; sudden onset of high incidence of age 60 to 84 years, accounting for 64.88%, and more men than women; the number of sudden death in the 12-month peak in winter, in the average day and night The peak point was at 7:00 in the morning. The total sudden death was positively correlated with the change of relative humidity and mean pressure, and negatively correlated with the lowest temperature and average temperature. In addition to the number of cardiovascular sudden death and the above meteorological factors, but also with pressure changes, the minimum temperature changes, sunshine duration was positively correlated. Coronary heart disease and other heart disease and the average wind speed was negatively correlated. Hypertension and mean pressure were positively correlated. Conclusion: The cause of sudden death is multifactorial. The influence of meteorological factors and seasonal changes is one of the important external causes. Sudden death of patients to the elderly as much. When the weather conditions change drastically, it is often the period of high incidence of sudden death, at which point preventive measures should be taken.