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This article describes a newly devised autosomal short tandem repeat(STR)multiplex polymer-ase chain reaction(PCR)system for 19 autosomal loci(D12S391,D13S317,D16S539,D18S51,D19S433,D2S1338,D21S11,D3S1358,D5S818,D6S1043,D7S820,D8S1179,CSF1PO,FGA,TH01,TPOX,vWA,Penta D and Penta E),27 Y-chromosome STR loci(DYS19,DYS385,DYS3891,DYS38911,DYS390,DYS391,DYS392,DYS393,DYS437,DYS438,DYS439,DYS448,DYS449,DYS456,DYS458,DYS460,DYS481,DYS518,DYS533,DYS570,DYS576,DYS635,DYS627,YGATAH4 and DYF387S1)and amelogenin with six-colour fluorescent labelling.Various parameters were evaluated,such as its accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,stability,ability to ana-lysis of mixtures and effects of changes in the PCR-based procedures.All of the 47 selected STR loci were accurately and robustly amplified from 282 bloodstain samples.The species-spe-cificity was high and some ability to inhibit Hematin was identified.The lowest detectable DNA amount was ≥0.125 ng.All of the male loci of the secondary component were revealed precisely when the control DNA was mixed at male/female and male/male ratios of 1:4 or more.We conclude that the present 19-plex autosomal STR and 27 Y-STR assay is both accur-ate and sensitive.It constitutes an additional powerful tool for forensic applications.