中国古代先民卜骨的方法有多种,其中主要的是卜和筮两种。考古发掘中出土的实物资料多是卜骨。卜骨是古代先民占卜用的兽骨。这种用卜骨做的兽骨,一般多选用羊、猪、牛与鹿的肩胛骨。古代巫师在选好的兽骨面上施行火灼、钻、凿,就其出现的灼痕裂纹形态,以判断吉凶祸福。研究卜骨对探讨古代占卜习俗与宗教信仰等问题具有重要的学术价值。因此,它成为学术界研究的一个重要课题。本文拟对中国史前时期卜骨的考古发现与研究情况、起始年代及渊源等问题进行探讨,以期引起学术界对此进行更深层的研究。 There are many ways for ancient ancestors in ancient China, and the main ones are Bu He and Bei. Excavated in the excavation of the physical information mostly Bu bone. Bu bone is an ancient ancestral divination animal bones. This animal bone made with Bu bone, the general choice of sheep, pigs, cattle and deer scapula. Ancient wizards in the selected animal bone surface fire, drilling, chisel, burning marks on its appearance in order to determine the good and bad fortune. Studying Bu bone has important academic value to explore the ancient fortune-telling customs and religious beliefs. Therefore, it has become an important subject of academic research. This article intends to discuss the archeological discoveries, research situations, origins and origins of Bu bone in China’s prehistoric period in order to arouse the academic community to conduct deeper research on this topic.