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油茶是我国南方主要的木本油料之一,北自秦岭南坡、桐柏山和大别山北麓,南至海南岛陵水县,东起浙江舟山、福建闽候,西至云南怒江流域和青藏高原南端都有分布。据林业部1977年在浙江常山举办的全国油茶技术训练班统计,湖南、江西、浙江等14省(区)有油茶面积5101万亩,年产茶油15～20万吨。但由于经营管理粗放,许多林地长期荒芜,杂草灌木丛生,影响了油茶的光照和肥水供应,而有些油茶年年开垦,或在林地中铲草刨土积肥,把表土和地被物搬走,造成严重的水土流失,油茶单产很低,一般亩产油2.5～3公斤,挫伤了油农发展油茶
Camellia oleifera is one of the main woody oils in South China. It is from the south slope of Qinling Mountains to the north, Tongbai Mountain and the northern foot of Dabie Mountain to the south and Lingshui County to the south of Hainan Island. It starts from Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province in the east, Fujian and Fujian in the west, reaches the Nujiang River valley in Yunnan Province and the Qinghai- Southern distribution. According to the national training course of tea cultivation in Changshan, Zhejiang Province, which was conducted by the Ministry of Forestry in 1977, there are 51.01 million mu of tea oil in 14 provinces (districts) such as Hunan, Jiangxi and Zhejiang. The annual output of tea oil is 150-200,000 tons. However, due to the extensive management, many of the woodlands have long been barren and weed bushes have affected the light and fertilizer supply of Camellia oleifera, while some Camellia have been cultivated year after year or shovel-mined in the woodlands to remove topsoil and ground cover , Resulting in serious soil erosion, low yield tea, oil production per mu generally 2.5 to 3 kg, dampened the development of oil farmers