改革开放以来,我国的人口素质取得了显著的提高,对于国家各个领域的发展都起到了非常大的积极推动作用。可是,我国的经济在经历了一番迅猛的增长之后,却出现了一个增长的瓶颈期,众多的因素制约了经济的持续发展。其人口素质低下更是成为社会发展的迫切需要解决的问题。本文着重分析了四个制约我国人口素质提高的因素,提出了四点解决方法,旨在探讨人口素质和经济发展的关系。 Since the introduction of the policy of reform and opening up, the quality of our population has witnessed remarkable improvement. It has played a very significant and positive role in promoting the development of all fields in our country. However, after experiencing some rapid growth, our country’s economy has seen a bottleneck of growth. Many factors have constrained the sustained economic development. The low quality of their population has become an urgent problem to be solved in social development. This article focuses on four factors that constrain the improvement of the quality of our population and proposes a four-point solution to explore the relationship between population quality and economic development.