托尔斯泰的散论杂文是他作品中鲜为人知的部分,而他那篇攻击莎士比亚的文章更不易觅得,至少英译本是如此。出于此虑,我以为在讨论该文之前,对其内容作一番简述是有益处的。文章开头,托尔斯泰即宣称,莎士比亚在他心中始终激起“一种强烈的反感与厌倦”。这种情绪,他知道是大悖于文明世界的看法的,因而他竭力想理解莎翁的作品,反复披阅俄、英、 Tolstoy’s casual essays are a lesser-known part of his work, and his article on Shakespeare is harder to find, at least in the English translation. Because of this, I thought it would be useful to briefly outline its content before discussing the article. At the beginning of the article, Tolstoy declared that Shakespeare always stirred “a strong sense of antipathy and boredom” in his heart. This emotion, he knew was contrary to the views of a civilized world, so he struggled to understand Shakespeare’s work, repeatedly covered Russia, Britain,