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一、为什么杂交水稻比一般良种高产? “三系”杂交产生杂交水稻,现用三系多是良种,因此“良种加优势,优势超良种”是杂交水稻高产的根本原因。恢复系和保持系的许多优良性状都会传递给杂种一代。例如,国际24有丰产、抗病和米质好等优良性状,用它配制出的杂交一代种也具有这些性状。另外,三系之间某些不良性状能够互相消除和纠正。例如,二九南1号不育系植株矮,株型松散,但叶色深绿;国际24有一百多厘米高,株型紧凑。这两者杂交的南优二号株高适当,叶色深绿,株型良好,作到了取长补短。杂种除继承三系亲本的优良性状外,还可出现超亲优势,
First, why hybrid rice is more productive than normal varieties? Hybrids produce three types of hybrid rice, which are mostly three-line varieties. Therefore, “superior varieties and superior super-varieties” are the fundamental reasons for the high yield of hybrid rice. Many good traits of restorer and maintainer lines are passed on to the hybrid generation. For example, International 24 has excellent traits such as high yield, disease resistance and good quality of rice, and the hybrid F1 generation formulated with it also possesses these traits. In addition, some of the bad traits between the three lines can be eliminated and corrected each other. For example, No.29nan 1 CMS was short and plant type was loose, but leaf color was dark green. International 24 was more than 100 centimeters high with compact plant type. The two hybrids of the South Youyou two high-appropriate plant, dark green leaves, plant type is good, made up to each other. Hybrids in addition to inherit the excellent traits of three lines of parents, but also can appear super-parents advantage,