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背景过去40年,食物过敏及食用海产品(鱼、软体动物和贝壳类)量呈增长趋势。目前海产品过敏为美国和澳大利亚两国过敏反应症的首位原因。然而,有关临床表现及海产品过敏管理发表的研究数据有限。目的对大量的儿童海产品过敏的临床特征进行描述。方法人群回顾性研究,收集2006—2009年因海产品反应来我第三变态反应服务部就诊的所有儿童的数据。结果有167例儿童定义为海产品临床反应和(或)阳性食品激发免疫反应(男103例,占62%)。94%有并存特应性疾病证据。涉及海产品最多是对虾(小虾)。1/5对海产品有过敏史。对贝壳类过敏的儿童中>50%对非贝壳鱼类耐受。对鱼过敏的儿童对其他鱼类的致敏性极常见。至少有1/3报告对两种鱼有临床反应;16%对鱼蒸气出现过敏症状。对鲔鱼和鲑鱼过敏的儿童,至少有21%对鱼罐头耐受。结论海产食品是澳大利亚儿童食品过敏比较常见和重要原因,过敏症呈高发率。
Background Over the past 40 years, food allergies and the consumption of seafood (fish, molluscs and shellfish) have been on the rise. Allergy to seafood is currently the leading cause of allergic reactions in the United States and Australia. However, there are limited published data on clinical manifestations and seafood allergy management. Objective To describe the clinical features of a large number of children allergic to seafood. Methods Population A retrospective study was conducted to collect data on all children from my Third Allergy Services unit who responded to the seafood reaction in 2006-2009. Results A total of 167 children were defined as clinical responses to seafood and / or positive food-induced immune responses (103 males, 62%). 94% had evidence of atopic disease. The largest number of seafood involved is prawn (shrimp). 1/5 allergic to seafood. > 50% of children allergic to shellfish are non-shellfish resistant. Children allergic to fish sensitization of other fish is extremely common. At least one third of the reports reported clinical responses to both species of fish; 16% reported allergies to fish vapors. At least 21% of children allergic to anchovy and salmon are resistant to canned fish. Conclusions Seafood is a common and important cause of food allergy in children in Australia. Allergies show a high incidence.