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一、长征胜利后国内基本形势和红军战略方针的制定1935年10月,中共中央率领红一方面军主力到达陕甘苏区前后,全国形势正在发生着更加急剧的变化:日本帝国主义于1931年发动“九·一人事变”,侵占中国东北后,又于1935年发动“华北事变”,企图把中国华北地区变成它独占的殖民地.国民党政府先后同日本签订了新的丧权辱国的《秦土协定》、《何梅协定》.这样日本便攫取了中国察哈尔、河北两省大部分主权.接着,日本又制造“华北五省自治运动”,企图使河北、山东、山西、察哈尔、绥远五省脱离中国,实行由它控制的所谓“特殊化”.国民党政府竟然答应成立“冀察政务委员会”,实际承认冀、察两省变相的“自治”.
I. Basic Conditions in the Mainland and the Development of the Red Army ’s Strategic Guidelines after the Long March Victory In October 1935, the CPC Central Committee led the Red Army to the front and rear of the Gansu-Gansu-Jiangsu region. The situation in the country is undergoing more drastic changes: the Japanese imperialists launched in 1931 After the invasion of northeastern China, the “North China Incident” was launched again in 1935 in an attempt to turn North China into its exclusive colony, and the Kuomintang government signed a new “Qin soil agreement” And “He Mei Agreement.” In this way, Japan seized most of the sovereignty of China’s Chahar and Hebei provinces, followed by Japan’s “autonomy movement in five northern provinces” in an attempt to make Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Chahar, and Sui Far from leaving China, the five provinces practiced the so-called “specialization” controlled by it, and the Kuomintang government promised to set up the “Hebei Provincial Committee of Political Commissar” to actually recognize the autonomy of Hebei Province and the two provinces in disguise.