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一、引言1978年长江流域汛期(4～10月)出现了严重的高温干旱。特别是中下游各地,持续时间之长,范围之广,程度之重,中游超过了大早年的1934年,下游接近和超过大旱年的1856年。本文着重分析了该年干旱的特点和环流特征。前者以降雨量的多少,作为旱涝指标,并引用解放后1951～1978年共28年本流域十个地区面平均雨深的资料,定出全江性的干旱年。即1959、1961、1966、1972、1976、1978等六年为样本。从气候学的观点进行对比分析,并
I. INTRODUCTION Severe high temperature and drought occurred in the flood season of the Yangtze River Basin (from April to October) in 1978. Especially in the middle and lower reaches of the long, long duration, a wide range of degrees, the middle reaches more than the early years of 1934, the lower reaches of the past and beyond the dry year of 1856. This paper focuses on the characteristics of the drought and the characteristics of the circulation in that year. The former is based on the amount of rainfall as a indicator of drought and waterlogging, and cites data on the average depth of rain in ten areas in the basin from 1951 to 1978 after liberation for a total of 28 years. Namely 1959,1961,1966,1972,1976,1978 six years as a sample. Comparative analysis from the climatological point of view, and