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针对EP阀轴对称的结构特点,建立有限元分析模型。考虑电磁材料非线性及漏磁因素的影响,采用微分标量势法(DSP)对旅客列车电空制动系统中EP电磁阀三维静态性能进行仿真分析。结果表明,电磁阀的安匝数、工作气隙、非工作气隙等设计参数是影响电磁阀性能的主要参数。额定电流为450 mA、线圈匝数为3 200、工作气隙和非工作气隙分别为2 mm和0.2 mm时,EP阀各项性能最优。为了减小加工工艺对EP阀工作性能的影响,磁铁和阀罩的同轴度应控制在8级,铁芯外径表面粗糙度应抛光至0.8μm。试验表明按照仿真方法设计的EP阀,其各项性能指标均达到了设计要求。
According to the symmetrical structure of EP valve, finite element analysis model is established. Taking into account the nonlinearity of the electromagnetic material and the influence of the magnetic flux leakage factor, the differential static scalar potential method (DSP) is used to simulate the three-dimensional static performance of the EP solenoid valve in passenger train electro-pneumatic braking system. The results show that the design parameters of solenoid valve such as ampere-turns, working air gap and non-working air gap are the main parameters that affect the performance of the solenoid valve. The rated current is 450 mA, the number of turns of the coil is 3 200 and the performance of the EP valve is optimal when the working air gap and the non-working air gap are 2 mm and 0.2 mm, respectively. In order to reduce the influence of the processing technology on the performance of the EP valve, the concentricity of the magnet and the valve cover should be controlled at level 8, and the surface roughness of the core outer diameter should be polished to 0.8μm. The test shows that the EP valve designed according to the simulation method meets the design requirements for various performance indexes.