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目的:考察精神发育迟滞儿童父母的抑郁状况及其相关因素。方法:对157名精神发育迟滞儿童和青少年的父母采用应对策略问卷、照顾负担问卷、日常照料压力问卷、修订版家庭支持量表、一般自我效能感量表、罗森伯格自尊量表、流调中心用抑郁量表进行测评,对130名正常儿童父母采用流调中心用抑郁量表进行测评。结果:精神发育迟滞儿童及青少年父母的抑郁检出率为26.11%,其抑郁分数显著高于正常儿童父母。抑郁和照顾负担中的所有维度(时间负担、发展负担、身体负担、社会负担、情绪负担)都有显著正相关;抑郁和情绪中心解决策略倾向有显著正相关,和问题中心解决策略倾向有显著负相关;抑郁和家庭月收入有显著负相关;抑郁和日常照料压力有显著正相关,和自我效能及自尊有显著负相关。多元回归结果表明,对精神发育迟滞儿童及青少年父母抑郁总分贡献最大的因素是:照顾负担总分、问题中心应对策略、自尊和月收入。结论:精神发育迟滞儿童父母的抑郁水平显著高于正常儿童父母,照顾负担、应对策略、自尊水平和月收入与抑郁的形成有密切关联。
Objective: To investigate the depression of parents of children with mental retardation and its related factors. Methods: A total of 157 parents of children and adolescents with mental retardation were enrolled in this study. The Coping Strategy Questionnaire, Caring Questionnaire, Daily Care Stress Questionnaire, Revised Family Support Scale, General Self Efficacy Scale, Rosenberg Self - Esteem Scale, Center for the use of depression scale assessment, 130 normal children’s parents using flow control center with depression scale for evaluation. Results: The detection rate of depression in children with mental retardation and adolescent parents was 26.11%, the depression score was significantly higher than that of normal children. There was a significant positive correlation between depression and all dimensions of care burden (time burden, development burden, body burden, social burden, emotional burden); there was a significant positive correlation between depression and emotional center solution strategy tendencies, There was a significant negative correlation between depression and family monthly income. There was a significant positive correlation between depression and daily care pressure, and a significant negative correlation with self-efficacy and self-esteem. Multivariate regression results showed that the most contributory factors to the total score of depression for children with mental retardation and adolescent parents were: caring burden, problem center coping strategies, self-esteem and monthly income. Conclusion: The depression level of parents with mental retardation is significantly higher than that of normal parents, the burden of care, coping strategies, self-esteem level and monthly income are closely related to the formation of depression.