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胡宏(公元?～1161年),字仁仲,福建崇安人,学者称五峰先生。为南宋初年著名理学家。和其父胡安国一起隐居湖南衡山,讲学著书,创立湖湘学派。胡宏的代表著作是《知言》。这部书是他“优游南山之下余二十年,玩心神明,不舍昼夜,力行所知,亲切至到”(张栻《胡子知言序》)而完成的。学术史家全祖望对胡宏的理学成就作出了很高的评价,他说:“中兴诸儒所造,莫出五峰之上。其所作《知言》,东莱以为过于《正蒙》,卒开湖湘之学统。”(《宋元学案·五峰学案》)胡宏到底留下了一些什么思想?这是一个需要作深入细致研究的问题。笔者在此只能对胡宏的理学思想作一粗略的勾勒。不当之处,祈望学界前辈不吝指正。
Hu Hong (AD? 1161), word Ren Zhong, Fujian Chong On people, scholars said Mr. Wu Feng. For the Southern Song Dynasty famous philosopher. Hu Anguo and his father reclused together in Hunan Hengshan, lectures, founded the Hunan school. Hu Hong’s representative work is “Knowing.” This book is completed by him, “I traveled more than twenty years under the Nanshan Mountains, playing minds, disregarding the day and night, doing my utmost to know and being kind” (Zhang Kui, “Beard Knowing Preface”). Academic historian Quan Zuwang made a very high appraisal of Hu Hong’s achievements in science. He said: “The Zuochu made by Zuochu beyond the peak of Wufeng. Hu Xuxue dictatorship system. ”(“ Song and Yuan case Wufeng case ”) What exactly has Hu Hong left behind? This is a need for in-depth and detailed study of the issue. Here I can only make a rough sketch of Hu Hong’s neo-Confucianism. Misconduct, hope academic predecessors feel free to correct me.