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相较于传统的偶联反应,碳氢键活化由于无需预官能团化,而具有相对更高的原子经济性和环境友好性,近年来广受关注,并取得迅猛发展.钯、铑、钌和铱等贵金属催化的碳氢键活化近年来已经取得了令人瞩目的发展,但较高的催化剂成本以及有毒有害的重金属残留在一定程度上也限制了其应用.因此,以储量丰富并且价格相对低廉的铁、钴、镍和铜等廉价金属为催化剂,实现惰性碳氢键活化具有重要的科学价值和经济意义.由于镍催化剂价格相对低廉并且具有良好的催化活性,近年来,镍催化的惰性碳氢键活化受到广泛关注.本文综述了镍催化的惰性碳氢键活化的最新研究进展,并对催化体系、成键类型和反应机理进行了初步探讨.
Compared with the traditional coupling reaction, the hydrocarbon-hydrogen bond activation has gained much attention and achieved rapid development due to the relatively higher atom economy and environmental friendliness without the need of pre-functionalization. The catalytic activity of palladium, rhodium, ruthenium and In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in the activation of carbon-hydrogen bonds catalyzed by noble metals such as iridium, but the high catalyst costs and the residues of toxic and harmful heavy metals also limit their application to a certain extent. Therefore, in terms of abundant reserves and relative prices Low iron, cobalt, nickel and copper and other cheap metals as a catalyst, to achieve inert hydrocarbon bond activation has important scientific and economic significance.As the nickel catalyst is relatively inexpensive and has good catalytic activity, in recent years, nickel-catalyzed inert Carbon-hydrogen bond activation attracts more and more attention.In this paper, the recent progress in the nickel-catalyzed inert hydrocarbon bond activation is reviewed, and the catalytic system, bonding type and reaction mechanism are discussed.