健康人尿中含有极微量的蛋白质。蛋白尿则是指尿中含有异常质或量的蛋白质。人们对蛋白尿与疾病的关系的认识可追溯到2400年以前,但直到上世纪(160年前)人们才认识到蛋白尿和肾脏疾病的特殊关系。目前,蛋白尿的检测已作为诊治肾脏疾病的一项极有价值的指标。蛋白尿是一项对原发性肾病以及累及肾脏的高血压、血管系统疾病、糖尿病、胶原性疾病、肿瘤和某些慢性感染等多种疾病进行评价的重要指标。同时,蛋白尿也存在于一些良性或一过性状态。 Healthy urine contains a trace amount of protein. Proteinuria refers to the urine contains abnormal quality or quantity of protein. People’s understanding of the relationship between proteinuria and disease dates back to 2400 years, but it was not until the last century (160 years ago) that people recognized the special relationship between proteinuria and kidney disease. At present, the detection of proteinuria has been used as a very valuable indicator for diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease. Proteinuria is an important indicator of primary kidney disease and kidney-related hypertension, vascular diseases, diabetes, collagen diseases, tumors and certain chronic infections and other diseases. At the same time, proteinuria also exists in some benign or transient state.