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目的研究乙型肝炎（乙肝）肝内血管病变与肝病变的关系。方法２７０例肝活检标本取自住院乙肝患者，选择１０例大致正常肝组织作对照。石蜡包埋，４μｍ切片，除依次作ＨＥ、弹力、网状及胶原纤维染色外，另用特异性平滑肌肌动蛋白（α－ＳＭＡ）单克隆抗体进行免疫组织化学标记。结果正常肝组织α－ＳＭＡ仅在原有的肝内动、静脉及胆管壁表达。乙肝病变较轻组肝组织α－ＳＭＡ示阳性表达占７５％；乙肝病变较重及肝硬变组肝组织α－ＳＭＡ示强阳性表达占９８％，两者差异有极显著性（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论乙肝的肝内血管病变对引起肝细胞变性坏死、肝纤维化及肝硬变有重要的作用。
Objective To study the relationship between hepatitis B (Hepatitis B) intrahepatic vascular lesions and liver diseases. Methods 270 cases of liver biopsy specimens taken from hospitalized patients with hepatitis B, select 10 cases of normal liver tissue as a control. Paraffin-embedded, 4μm sections were stained with HE, elastin, reticular and collagen fibers, and then labeled with specific monoclonal antibody of smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) for immunohistochemistry. Results Normal liver α-SMA was only expressed in the original hepatic artery, vein and bile duct. The positive expression of α-SMA in liver tissue of mild hepatitis B group was 75%. The positive expression of α-SMA in severe hepatitis B group and liver cirrhosis group was 98%, the difference was significant (P <0 .001). Conclusion The intrahepatic vascular lesions of hepatitis B play an important role in causing degeneration and necrosis of liver cells, hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis.