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目的分析影响原发性高血压患者颈动脉硬化斑块形成的因素,了解高血压患者的性别、年龄、高血压级别及患病年限对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的影响。方法对收治的286例原发性高血压患者进行颈动脉超声检查,记录斑块部位、范围、数量及回声特点等,估测斑块处的管腔内径有否狭窄及其程度。并记录患者的性别、年龄,患高血压年限及高血压级别进行统计学分析。结果286例高血压患者有179例有颈动脉硬化斑块形成,发生率为66.8%,且与性别和年龄有显著相关性,男性发生率明显高于女性,并随着年龄升高而升高;与高血压级别和患病年限无明显相关性。结论原发性高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的发生受性别和年龄影响,高血压级别和患病年限对其无明显影响。因此对男性和高龄的高血压患者应早期进行颈动脉斑块超声检测及药物干预,对于预防脑血管意外事件发生具有重要意义,并可作为高血压患者的常规检查。
Objective To analyze the factors influencing the formation of carotid plaque in patients with essential hypertension and to understand the influence of gender, age, the level of hypertension and the duration of illness on the formation of carotid atherosclerosis plaque in hypertensive patients. Methods 286 cases of patients with primary hypertension were examined by carotid ultrasonography, recording the plaque site, range, number and echo characteristics, etc., to assess the plaque at the lumen diameter and whether the degree of stenosis. The patients’ gender, age, age of hypertension and the level of hypertension were recorded for statistical analysis. Results A total of 179 cases of carotid atherosclerotic plaques were found in 179 of 286 hypertensive patients, with a prevalence of 66.8%, and were significantly associated with gender and age. The incidence of male was significantly higher than that of female and increased with age ; No significant correlation with the level of hypertension and the duration of illness. Conclusions The incidence of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with essential hypertension is affected by gender and age. The level of hypertension and the duration of illness have no significant effect on it. So for men and elderly hypertensive patients should be early detection of carotid artery plaque ultrasound and drug intervention for the prevention of cerebrovascular accidents is important and can be used as a routine examination of hypertensive patients.