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山东省水土流失面积44300平方公里,占全省山地、丘陵的79.3%。以沂蒙山区最为严重,蒙阴县具有代表性,平均每亩耕地每年流失土壤2.09米~3,使土层减少3毫米。对自然植被的破坏是造成水土流失的主要原因,其他原因如开荒、滥牧、栽培植被的不合理布局和种植等。恢复森林是水土保持的根本措施,同时必须禁止不合理的开荒、滥牧和耕作方式,以及搞好农田基本建设,才能有效的控制水土流失,从而发展生产和提高群众的生活。
Soil erosion area of 44,300 square kilometers in Shandong Province, accounting for 79.3% of the province’s mountains and hills. The most serious mountain in Yimeng, Mengyin County is representative, the average loss of soil per acre of soil 2.09 m ~ 3 per year, so that soil is reduced by 3 mm. The destruction of natural vegetation is the main cause of soil erosion. Other reasons include land reclamation, overgrazing, irrational planting and planting of cultivated vegetation. The restoration of forests is the fundamental measure for soil and water conservation. At the same time, it is necessary to prohibit irrational land reclamation, overgrazing and farming methods as well as to improve farmland infrastructure so as to effectively control soil and water loss so as to develop production and improve people’s livelihood.