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碳氧平衡法可通过比较人类活动引起的释碳耗氧量与生态用地的固碳释氧能力之间的平衡关系来测算碳氧平衡标准下生态用地需求量。以武汉市为例,遵循“环境友好、资源节约”的两型社会建设原则构建了土地利用综合效益最优的多目标函数,以2013年为基期年且2020年为目标年,探索了碳氧平衡约束条件下武汉市土地利用结构的优化方向。研究结果表明:土地利用结构优化后2020年较2013年增加了40 908hm2标准生态用地,产生431亿元的综合效益,年固碳能力和释氧能力分别达到532.03万t和1 418.33万t,分别占武汉市释碳耗氧量的43.25%和30.29%,能完成区域内的固碳任务且有盈余,但不能实现区域内的氧平衡。研究结果表明仅通过增加生态用地来维持碳氧平衡将难以为继,长期来看,必须转变发展方式来维持碳氧平衡状态。
The carbon-oxygen balance method can calculate the demand for ecological land use under the carbon-oxygen balance standard by comparing the balance between the oxygen release rate caused by human activities and the carbon fixation and oxygen release capacity of ecological land. Taking Wuhan as an example, the multi-objective function with the most comprehensive benefit of land utilization is constructed according to the principle of “two-type society” such as “environment friendliness and resource saving”. Taking the base year of 2013 and 2020 as the target year, Optimization of Land Use Structure in Wuhan under the Constraint of Carbon and Oxygen Balance. The results show that the land use structure is optimized to increase 40 908 hm2 of standard ecological land in 2020 compared with 2013, resulting in a combined benefit of 43.1 billion yuan, with an annual carbon sequestration and oxygen releasing capacity of 5,320,300 tons and 14,883,300 tons respectively Accounting for 43.25% and 30.29% of the carbon released by Wuhan, which can complete the carbon sequestration task in the region and have a surplus, but can not achieve the oxygen balance within the region. The results show that it is unsustainable to maintain the balance of carbon and oxygen only through the increase of ecological land use. In the long run, the development mode must be changed to maintain the balance of carbon and oxygen.