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目的了解东北地区军队离退休干部2型糖尿病血糖控制与治疗情况。方法采用问卷的形式调查。调查内容包括患者一般信息、糖尿病病程、HbA1c、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、血压、血脂、肝功、肾功、血尿酸及治疗药物。结果受调查者中94.5%接受药物治疗。其中,37.9%单纯口服降糖药,24.1%单独应用胰岛素,29%接受口服降糖药联合胰岛素治疗,HbA1c的达标率分别为72.5%、54%、60.1%。口服降糖药中,1种降糖药(62.6%)和两种口服药联用(34.6%)方案比较常见;单药、2联用药、3联用药的达标率分别为78.1%,68.3%,100%。最常用的口服降糖药是阿卡波糖(35.3%),其次为二甲双胍(27.4%)、磺脲类降糖药(10.6%),格列奈类药物(9.6%)。联合2种口服降糖药最常用的方案是双胍类+阿卡波糖(34.0%)、格列奈类+阿卡波糖(22.6%)、双胍类+格列奈类(18.9%)。治疗者中91.8%至少有1种伴随疾病,74.4%有2种或2种以上伴随疾病。无论采取何种治疗方法,高血压病(71.6%)、血脂紊乱(27.9%)是最常见的2种伴随疾病,心血管疾病是最常见的慢性并发症(66.0%)。结论东北地区患2型糖尿病军队离退休干部血糖控制达标率明显高于国内调查水平,达到甚至高于国外糖尿病患者的调查结果。
Objective To understand the control and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in retired military officers in northeast China. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted. The survey included general patient information, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids, liver function, renal function, serum uric acid, and therapeutic drugs. Results 94.5% of respondents received drug treatment. Among them, 37.9% of pure oral hypoglycemic agents, 24.1% of insulin alone, 29% of oral hypoglycemic agents combined with insulin, HbA1c compliance rates were 72.5%, 54%, 60.1%. Among the oral hypoglycemic agents, one hypoglycemic agent (62.6%) and two oral agents combined (34.6%) were more common. The compliance rates of single drug, 2-drug and 3-drug were 78.1% and 68.3% , 100%. The most commonly used oral hypoglycemic agent is acarbose (35.3%), followed by metformin (27.4%), sulfonylureas (10.6%), and glinides (9.6%). The most common regimens for combining 2 oral hypoglycemic agents were biguanide plus acarbose (34.0%), glinides + acarbose (22.6%), and biguanides + glitazones (18.9%). 91.8% of the treated patients had at least one concomitant disease, and 74.4% had two or more concomitant diseases. Hypertension (71.6%) and dyslipidemia (27.9%) are the two most common comorbid conditions, with the most common chronic complication (66.0%), regardless of treatment. Conclusion The rate of glycemic control for retired cadres with type 2 diabetes in northeast China was significantly higher than that of domestic survey, reaching or even higher than that of foreign patients with diabetes.