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以 9种遗传背景的矮败小麦近等基因系为材料 ,研究了矮秆不育株的株高、抽穗期、开花期、每株穗数、穗长、每穗小穗数和异交结实率。结果表明 ,不仅矮秆不育株与高秆可育株的株高存在显著差异 ,而且不同遗传背景的矮秆不育株的株高也程度不同的存在差异 ;矮秆不育株比高秆可育株的抽穗期平均晚 2天 ,而开花期平均晚 1天左右 ;在同样遗传背景下 ,矮秆不育株与高秆可育株的穗长、每穗小穗数没有实质性差异 ,每株穗数受环境影响较大 ,但 9种基因型的平均值接近 ;不同遗传背景的矮秆不育株的异交结实率差异明显 ,平均值为 38%。
In this study, the dwarfing wheat near-isogenic lines with 9 genetic backgrounds were used to study the plant height, heading date, flowering stage, spike number per plant, spike length, spikelet number per spike and outcrossing rate. The results showed that not only the plant height of dwarf sterile plants and high fertile plants were significantly different, but also the plant height of dwarf sterile plants with different genetic backgrounds varied to some extent. The average heading date of fertile plants was 2 days later than that of anthesis plants and the average flowering time was about 1 day later. Under the same genetic background, there was no significant difference in spike length and spikelet number per spike between dwarf and sterile plants The number of spikelets per plant was greatly affected by the environment, but the average of nine genotypes was close. The differences of seed setting rate of dwarf sterile lines with different genetic backgrounds were significant with an average of 38%.