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黄土在压力作用下受水浸湿后,其特有的孔隙体系内颗粒间胶结作用的丧失而导致颗粒发生相对滑动所产生的变形是黄土发生湿陷的根本原因,而黄土中的胶结物以附于碎屑颗粒或团聚体等骨架颗粒表面的黏土矿物为主。黄土中有多种黏土矿物,由于各种黏土矿物的水理性质不同,对黄土湿陷性的影响亦各有不同,因此在某种程度上黏土矿物成分及其所占比例能够反映黄土的湿陷性。本文通过对延安地区不同深度黄土中的主要矿物元素进行能谱分析,建立了质量守恒方程组。把该方程组问题转化为最优化问题——线性规划标准形问题,采用数学规划问题中的单纯形法来计算矿物构成,分析了延安地区黄土中主要黏土矿物的含量,结合化学分析测试结果对该方法的可行性进行了探讨。结果表明:本方法计算精度满足要求,是一种行之有效的测定黄土中黏土矿物含量的途径,该方法最大的优势在于数据获取便捷,可实现SEM环境下的即时定点定量分析。
When loess is wetted with water under pressure, the deformation caused by the relative slip between particles caused by the loss of the intergranular cementation in the special pore system is the fundamental reason for loess collapsibility, while the cement in loess Clay minerals such as debris particles or aggregates and other skeleton particles based. There are many kinds of clay minerals in loess. Due to the different hydraulic properties of various clay minerals, the influence on loess collapsibility is also different. Therefore, to a certain extent, clay mineral composition and its proportion can reflect the wetness of loess Trapped. Based on the energy spectrum analysis of the main mineral elements in loess with different depths in Yan’an area, the mass conservation equations are established. The problem of the system of equations is transformed into the problem of the linear programming standard problem. The simplex method in the mathematical programming is used to calculate the mineral composition. The content of the main clay minerals in the loess in Yanan area is analyzed. Combining the results of chemical analysis and test, The feasibility of this method is discussed. The results show that the method can meet the requirements of calculation accuracy and is an effective way to determine the content of clay minerals in loess. The biggest advantage of this method lies in the convenience of data acquisition and real-time quantitative analysis in SEM environment.