浩翰的海洋,蕴藏着丰富的天然资源。要研究利用海洋,离不开对海洋进行观测。随着海洋调查活动的不断加强,外国对海洋调查装备十分重视,已把不断完善调查装备和不断改进观测技术作为海洋科学技术发展的重大课题来对待。谈到海洋调查装备,包括水面、水下和空中三个方面。海洋调查船只、观测浮标和沿海台站属于水面调查装备,而水下居住实验室、深水潜器和飞机卫星则分别属于水下和空中调查装备。随着科学技术的发展,近几十年来,这些调查装备也得到迅速的发展。在海洋调查中,人们应用电子计算机技术、深潜技术和空中遥测技术,大大提高了人类认识海洋的能力,改变了海洋学研究的概况。目前,国外正在 The vast sea, rich in natural resources. To study the use of the sea, can not do without observation of the oceans. With the continuous enhancement of marine survey activities, foreign countries attach great importance to marine survey and equipment installations and have treated as a major issue in the development of marine science and technology the continuous improvement of survey equipment and continuous improvement of observational techniques. Speaking of marine survey equipment, including surface, underwater and aerial three aspects. Marine survey vessels, observation buoys and coastal stations belong to surface investigation equipment, while underwater living laboratories, deep-water submersibles and aircraft satellites belong to underwater and airborne survey equipment respectively. With the development of science and technology, these investigations and equipment have also been rapidly developed in recent decades. In the marine survey, people use the computer technology, deep diving technology and air telemetry technology, greatly improving the ability of human understanding of the oceans, changing the overview of oceanographic research. At present, foreign countries are