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[目的]了解上海市松江区公共场所空调系统冷却水和冷凝水嗜肺军团菌污染状况,为预防军团病的发生和流行提供依据。[方法]于2015年7—10月,分别采集松江区8家酒店、7家超市、8幢办公楼等公共场所空调系统的冷却水和冷凝水共66件,应用PCR技术和常规微生物平板分离法同时检测,并进行血清学分型鉴定。[结果]冷却水中常规分离培养方法检测嗜肺军团菌阳性率为51.6%,PCR方法检测的阳性率为58.3%;冷凝水中常规分离培养方法检出阳性率为11.4%,PCR方法检出阳性率为14.3%,两种方法均显示冷却水中检出的阳性率明显高于冷凝水的阳性率,二者差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);本研究共检出5种不同血清型的嗜肺军团菌,其中以LP1血清型为主,占73.9%;而一个样品中检出两种血清型的占13.0%;两种检测方法差异无统计学意义,且酒店、超市、办公楼不同场所嗜肺军团菌的污染率的差异也无统计学意义。[结论]上海市松江区公共场所空调系统存在嗜肺军团菌的污染,必须加大对公共场所集中空调通风系统的监督管理力度,加强清洁和消毒工作,以防军团病的暴发和流行。
[Objective] To understand the pollution status of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water and condensate of air conditioning systems in public places in Songjiang District of Shanghai, and to provide the basis for preventing the occurrence and prevalence of Legionnaires’ disease. [Method] From July to October in 2015, 66 pieces of cooling water and condensate water were respectively collected from air conditioning systems of 8 hotels, 7 supermarkets, 8 office buildings and other public places in Songjiang District. PCR and conventional microbial plate separation France simultaneous detection, and serological typing. [Result] The positive rate of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water was 51.6%, and the positive rate of PCR method was 58.3%. The positive rate was 11.4% by routine isolation and culture method in condensed water, and the positive rate was detected by PCR method (14.3%). Both methods showed that the positive rate in the cooling water was significantly higher than that in the condensed water, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). In this study, 5 different serotypes Legionella pneumophila, of which LP1 serotypes, accounting for 73.9%; and a sample of two serotypes accounted for 13.0%; two test methods was no significant difference, and hotels, supermarkets, office buildings in different places Legionella pneumophila polluting rate of the difference was not statistically significant. [Conclusion] There was contamination of Legionella pneumophila in air conditioning systems in public places in Songjiang District of Shanghai. Supervision and management of centralized air conditioning and ventilation systems in public places should be intensified, and cleaning and disinfection work should be stepped up to prevent the outbreak and prevalence of Legionnaires’ disease.