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曾国藩是晚清“桐城中兴”的领袖。曾国藩所以要中兴桐城派,一是源于他在文学、学术思想上与桐城派的契合,二是出于借桐城文章以宣传程朱义理及洋务的政治考虑。曾国藩围绕洋务需要对桐城派古文理论进行了诸多改造,在道统、文统两方面为晚清桐城派打开了学习西学的门径。“文以载道”的桐城派古文经过曾国藩的改造,体现出强烈的“中体西用”的洋务色彩,不仅成为宣扬“义理”、卫道护教的工具,也成了宣传“经济”、学习西学的手段,这有利于调动起对传统伦理秩序及文化恋恋不舍又冀学西学以自强的传统知识分子的积极性,众多知识分子聚集在曾国藩周围,以桐城古文及洋务相号召,形成了一个具有强烈政治色彩的文学派别“桐城——湘乡派”。
Zeng Guofan is the late Qing “Tongcheng ZTE ” leader. Zeng Guofan wants Zhongxing Tongcheng School, one of which stems from his agreement with Tongcheng School in literature and academic thinking. The other is his political considerations of proclaiming the Cheng-Zhu Yi-Li and Westernization through Tongcheng articles. Zeng Guofan around the need for the Westernization of Tongcheng school of ancient prose theory made many transformations, both in the Taoist, literary and artistic aspects of the late Qing Tongcheng school opened the door to learn Western science. “Tong Wen ” Tongcheng school of ancient writing through the transformation of Tseng Kuo-fan, reflecting the strong “Western body with Western ” the Westernization of color, not only to promote “justice ”, The promotion of “economy” and learning of western learning means that it is helpful to mobilize the enthusiasm of traditional intellectuals who are reluctant to love traditional western ethics and culture and learn to be self-sufficient in western learning. Many intellectuals gathered around Zeng Guofan, Western call, formed a strong political faction “Tongcheng - Xiangxiang school ”.