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目的分析2012-2014年云南省边境地区20个县输入性疟疾疫情特征,为云南省消除疟疾策略的调整提供依据。方法收集2012-2014年云南省边境地区20个县的疟疾疫情资料,采用Microsoft Excel 2010软件对数据进行整理分析。结果 2012-2014年云南省边境地区20个县共报告疟疾病例1 558例,其中输入性疟疾病例占85.75%(1 336/1 558),本地感染病例占14.25%(222/1 558)。2012、2013年和2014年输入病例分别占当年报告病例总数的80.00%(544/680)、89.10%(425/477)和91.52%(367/401)。报告的1 336例输入性疟疾病例以间日疟为主,共1 045例,占78.22%;恶性疟284例,占21.26%;三日疟3例、混合感染3例、未分型1例;报告死亡病例2例。感染来源地以缅甸为主(1 277例),占输入性病例总数的95.58%。发病人群主要为出国务工的20~40岁男性青壮年(802例,占60.03%),以4-6月发病最多(679例,占50.82%)。输入性病例主要分布在腾冲(459例)、瑞丽(366例)、盈江(191例)和芒市(78例)。结论云南省边境地区输入性疟疾疫情较为严重,因此,在消除疟疾及消除后阶段,需建立并维持良好的监测体系,确保能及时快速地对输入性疟疾疫情进行响应。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of imported malaria in 20 counties in the border area of Yunnan Province from 2012 to 2014 and provide the basis for the adjustment of malaria elimination strategies in Yunnan Province. Methods The malaria epidemic data of 20 counties in border areas of Yunnan Province from 2012 to 2014 were collected and analyzed by using Microsoft Excel 2010 software. Results A total of 1 558 cases of malaria were reported in 20 counties in the border area of Yunnan Province from 2012 to 2014, of which 85.75% (1 336/1 558) were imported into malaria cases and 14.25% (222/1 558) were locally infected. Inputs in 2012, 2013 and 2014 accounted for 80.00% (544/680), 89.10% (425/477) and 91.52% (367/401) of the total reported cases for the year respectively. A total of 1 336 cases of imported malaria cases were reported, with a total of 1 045 cases (78.22%), 284 cases of falciparum falciparum (21.26%), 3 cases of malaria in 3 cases, 3 cases of mixed infection and 1 case of non-classification Two cases of death were reported. The main source of infection was Burma (1 277 cases), accounting for 95.58% of the total number of imported cases. The majority of the patients were young adults (802 cases, 60.03%) aged 20-40 who migrated abroad. The incidence was highest in April-June (679 cases or 50.82%). The imported cases were mainly found in Tengchong (459 cases), Ruili (366 cases), Yingjiang (191 cases) and Mangshi (78 cases). Conclusion The incidence of malaria in malaria in border areas of Yunnan Province is relatively serious. Therefore, a good monitoring system should be established and maintained after elimination of malaria and elimination, so as to ensure timely and prompt response to imported malaria epidemic.