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为了有效利用农作物秸秆,降低焚烧对环境的污染,通过超声将水稻秸秆溶解在NaOH/尿素溶液体系,得到了匀相纤维素溶解液,接枝共聚制成高吸水树脂;考察了丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)、反应温度、单体与秸秆配合比等因素对产品性质的影响;采用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪和热重分析仪(TG)表征了产物的结构基团和热稳定性。结果表明,在6%(wt,质量分数)NaOH/4%(wt,质量分数)尿素(urea)溶液中,用超声将秸秆制成匀相体系;在温度为65℃,单体与秸秆质量配合比为1∶5,AM与AA质量配合比为1∶2时,高吸水树脂的吸水倍率为780g/g,吸盐水倍率为125g/g,具有良好的吸水性能。
In order to effectively use crop stalks and reduce the environmental pollution caused by incineration, the rice stalks were dissolved in NaOH / urea solution system by ultrasonic to obtain homogeneous cellulose dissolving solution and graft copolymerization to make superabsorbent polymer. The effects of acrylamide (AM ), Acrylic acid (AA), reaction temperature and the ratio of monomer to straw on the properties of the product. The structure of the product was characterized by FT-IR, X-ray diffractometry and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) Group and thermal stability. The results showed that the straw was homogenized by ultrasonic in a 6% (wt, mass fraction) NaOH / 4% (wt, mass) urea solution. The temperature of 65 ℃, monomer and straw mass When the ratio of AM to AA is 1: 2, the water absorption ratio of superabsorbent resin is 780g / g and the brine absorption rate is 125g / g, which shows good water absorption.